Развитие низкозатратного сбора дождевой воды для поддержки обеспечения водоснабжения в сельских районах Таджикистана

Далер Домуллоджанов ^a* , Рахмонкул Рахматиллоев ^b

^a Продовольственная и сельскохозяйственная организация Объединенных Наций, Ул. Айни (БЦ «Созидание»), 48, Душанбе, 734024, Таджикистан
^b Таджикский аграрный университет имени Ш. Шотемура, пр. Рудаки, 146, Душанбе, 734003, Таджикистан

https://doi.org/10.29258/CAJWR/2023-R1.v9-2/103-120.eng

*E-mail: daler79@gmail.com

Рахмонкул Рахматиллоев: rahmonkul@gmail.com

23 декабря, 2023

Аннотация

Фермеры в отдаленных, засушливых районах, вдали от доступных источников воды, нуждаются в доступных решениях по водоснабжению для домашнего использования и животноводства. В данном исследовании оцениваются на разных высотах в бассейне реки Кызылсу потребности в воде и потенциал сбора дождевой воды (СДВ). Среднегодовое количество осадков колебалась от 545 до 900 мм. При средней площади крыши 550 м² можно собирать от 211 м³ до 344 м³ дождевой воды в засушливые и влажные годы соответственно. Исходя из предполагаемого спроса на воду и дефицита осадков, средняя потребность домохозяйства оценивалась в 100 м³. В поисках недорогого решения для хранения воды мы протестировали различные типы водонепроницаемых материалов для замены небольших бетонных резервуаров объемом 12–18 м³, обычно используемых в регионе. Грунтовые ямы, облицованные двухслойной полиэтиленовой пленкой толщиной 0,3 мм (всего 0,6 мм), были лучшим решением для резервуаров объемом 5 м³ с точки зрения стоимости и долговечности, а двухслойная полиэтиленовая пленка толщиной 0,8 мм (всего 1,6 мм) идеально подходил для герметизации резервуаров объемом 10 м³. Это исследование демонстрирует эффективность системы улучшения благосостояния семей за счет сбора дождевого дождя.

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Для цитирования:

Domullodzhanov, D., Rahmatilloev, R. (2023). Development of low-cost rainwater harvesting to support on-site water supply in rural Tajikistan. Central Asian Journal of Water Research,  9(2), 103-120. https://doi.org/10.29258/CAJWR/2023-R1.v9-2/103-120.eng

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