Аграрная реформа и управление водными ресурсами: Тематическое исследование и уроки из опыта Таджикистана
a* Навруз Некбахтшоев, b Суреш Чандра Бабу
a Университет Индиана, 107 Саут Индиана Авеню, Блумингтон, штат Индиана 47405, США
b Международный исследовательский институт продовольственной политики, Eye Street, 1201 I St NW, Вашингтон, округ Колумбия, 20005, США.
* E-mail: nanekbak@gmail.com
Суреш Чандра Бабу: s.babu@cgiar.org
https://doi.org/10.29258/CAJWR/2022-R1.v8-1/1-26.eng
Аннотация
В данной работе рассматриваются предпосылки для коллективных действий в контексте ассоциаций водопользователей (АВП) в Таджикистане. В работе использованы качественные тематические исследования пяти АВП трех хлопководческих районов Хатлонской области Таджикистана. Выводы показывают, что способность АВП генерировать коллективные действия на благо сельской общины зависит от внутренних и внешних по отношению к АВП факторов. АВП в нашем исследовании, как правило, демонстрируют вертикальные организационные формы, что не предвещает ничего хорошего для их устойчивости. АВП были созданы донорами в условиях, когда крупные коллективизированные фермы и пережитки командного сельского хозяйства сохраняются наряду с мелкими индивидуальными фермами. Присутствие крупных ферм среди мелких хозяйств затрудняет справедливое распределение воды между своими членами для АВП. Чиновники местных органов власти, как правило, предпочитают интересы крупных плантаторов интересам мелких независимых хозяйств и могут оказывать давление на АВП в распределении воды. Изучая институциональные проблемы управления водными ресурсами в Таджикистане, являющихся одной из основных проблем в сфере природных ресурсов в странах Центральной Азии, в статье определены возможности для ускорения процесса аграрных реформ, проводимых в настоящее время во всех странах с переходной экономикой.
Доступно на английском языке
Download the article (eng)Для цитирования: Nekbakhtshoev, N., & Babu, S. C. (2022). Agrarian Reform and Water Resource Management : A Case Study and Lessons from Tajikistan. Central Asian Journal of Water Research, 8(1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.29258/CAJWR/2022-R1.v8-1/1-26.eng
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