Morphological variability of Cyprinus Carpio Linnaeus, 1758 in water bodies of the Balkash-Alakol basin
Barakov R.Т. a,b*, Sharakhmatov S.Е. a, Isbekov К.B.b, Nurtazin S.Т. a
a Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
b Scientific and Production Center of Fishery, 89a Suyunbay Ave., Almaty, 050016, Kazakhstan
https://doi.org/10.29258/CAJWR/2024-R1.v10-2/26-44.rus
Corresponding author e-mail: barakovrin@gmail.com
Sharakhmatov S.Е.: sharakhmetov@gmail.com; Isbekov К.B.: isbekov@fishrpc.kz; Nurtazin S.Т.: nurtazin.sabir@gmail.com
Abstract
The article presents the results of investigating the morphological variability of carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) in three large reservoirs of the Balkash-Alakol Basin – Lake Balkash, Lake Alakol, and Kapshagay Reservoir. Morphological differences in several features (counting and plasticity) were found in three carp samples. The study included the examination of 24 plastic and 14 counting features. The method of digital image processing (Morpho J) was applied to analyze the differences of the target fish species specimens by body shape. The application of the principal component analysis (PCA) method allowed determining the main loadings on the studied morphological traits of carp. The statistically reliable differences revealed allow to confirm the formation of morphological changes in carp caused by
the duration of adaptive radiation, environmental factors of water bodies and annual artificial stocking of young fish.
Available in Russian
Download the article (rus)For citation: Barakov, R., Sharakhmatov, S., Isbekov, K., Nurtazin, S. (2024). Morfologicheskaja izmenchivost’ sazana Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) v vodoemah Balkash-Alakol’skogo bassejna [Morphological variability of Cyprinus Carpio Linnaeus, 1758 in water bodies of the Balkash-Alakol basin]. Central Asian Journal of Water Research, 10(2), 26-44. https://doi.org/10.29258/CAJWR/2024-R1.v10-2/26-44.rus (in Russian)
References
Abecia, J.E., Osmar, J.L., Crook, D.A., Banks, S. C., Wedd, D.J., & King, A.J. (2022) Morphological changes in fish. Ecol Freshw fish, 31, 369-378. https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12636
Ashley, D. F., Christopher, A. M., Lara, J.H. (2007). Potential impacts of global climate change on freshwater fisheries. Rev. Fish Biol. Fisheries, 17, 581-613. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-007-9059-5
Chris, K. (2011). MorphoJ: An Integrated Software Package for Geometric Morphometrics. Molecular Ecology Resources, 11(2), 353-357. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02924.x
Christian, G., Yves, F., Dominique, V., & Francois, J.M. (1999). Morphological screening of carp Cyprinus carpio: relationship between morphology and fillet yield. Aquat. Living Resour, 12, 1-10. https://www.alr-journal.org/articles/alr/pdf/1999/01/alr9235.pdf
Johansen, R., Needham, J.R., Colquhoun, D.J., Poppe, T.T., & Smith, A.J. (2006). Guedelines for health and welfare monitoring of fish used in research. Laboratory animals, – 2006, 323-340. https://norecopa.no/media/6839/8-guidelinesfish.pdf
Khosrow, J. K., & Keramat, A. (2010). Comparison of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Morphological and Electrophoretic chatacteristics in the Southern Coast of the Caspian Sea. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 5(3), 200-207. https://doi.org/10.3923/jfas.2010.200.207
Langerhans, RB, Layman, CA, Langerhans, AK, Dewitt, TJ. (2003). Habitat-associated morphological divergence in two Neotropical fish species. Biol J Linn Soc., 80, 689-98.
Neil, M.H., Angela, M.G., David, M.H., Geoff, E.P. (2000). Hydrological processes, 14, 2831-2848
Pueppke, S. G., Iklasov, M K., Beckmann V. ID., Nurtazin S. T., Thevs N., Sharakhmetov S.E., & Hoshino B. (2018). Challenges for Sustainable Challenges for sustainable use of the fish resources from Lake Balkhash, a fragile lake in an arid ecosystem. Sustainability. 4(10), 1234. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10041234
Stephen, J. J., Mark, P. (2016). A century of morphological variation in Cyprinidae fishes. BMC Ecology, 16, 11-18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-016-0104-x
Zhenhong, Z., Jianfeng, T., Minghua, X., Ousmane, S., Tianji, G. Assesing the influence of abiotic factors on small pelagic fish distribution across diverse water layers in the Northwest Pacific Ocean trough acoustic methods. Ecological Indicators, 158 (9), 1-11.
Aktymbaeva, A.S., Taukebaeva, M.T. (2015). Geoekologicheskaya harakteristika i ocenka turistsko-rekreacionnogo potenciala Alakol’skogo regiona [Geo-ecological characterization and assessment of tourist and recreational potential of the Alakol region]. Novosti nauki Kazahstana, 2, 83-104. (in Russian);
Asylbekova, S.Zh., Isbekov, K.B., Kulikov, E.V., & Nevalennyj, A.N. (2018). Akklimatizacija ryb i vodnyh bespozvonochnyh v vodoemah Kazahstana [Introduction fish and aquatic invertebrates into the reservoirs of Kazakhstan] Almaty: Qazaq universitetі. (in Russian);
Barakov, R.T. (2023). Morphological characteristics of the carp (Cyprinus carpio) from the western part of lake Balkash under conditions of modern anthropogenic pessure. Bulletin of the KazNU. Experimental Biology., 94(1), 112-120. https://doi.org/10.26577/eb.2023.v94.i1.010
Barakov, R.T. Vosproizvodstvo sazana (Cyprinus carpio) dlya sohraneniya i vospolneniya promyslovoj chislennosti vodoemov Kazahstana [Reproduction of carp (Cyprinus carpio) for preservation and replenishment of commercial abundance of water bodies of Kazakhstan.]. Ғylym zhәne bіlіm, 78-84. https://doi.org/10.52578/2305-9397-2021-1-3-78-85 (in Russian)
Beland, C. (2004) Effects of genetic and environmental variation on the morphology of Pimelodella chagresi, a Neotropical Catfish species: McGill University
Bonina, T.A. (2008). Struktura vida i vnutrividovaja izmenchivost’ Species structure and intraspecific variability. BGPU. (in Russian)
Dgebuadze, Yu.Yu. (2001). Ekologicheskie zakonomernosti izmenchivosti rosta ryb (Ecological Patterns of Fish Growth Variability), Moscow: Nauka. (in Russian)
Douglas, M.E. (1993). Analysis of sexual dimorphism in an endangered cyprinid fish (Giga cypha Miller) using video image technology. Copeia, 2, 334-343
Feklistova, M.V. (1951). Ob ekologo-geograficheskoj izmenchivosti ryb [On the ecological and geographical variability of fishes]. Izvestiya Karelo-Finskogo filiala AN SSSR, 1, 110-120. (in Russian)
Filonec, P.P. (1981). Ocherki po geografii vnutrennih vod Central’nogo, YUzhnogo i Vostochnogo Kazahstana [Essays on the geography of inland waters of Central, Southern and Eastern Kazakhstan]. Alma-ata: Nauka. (in Russian)
Hammer, Ø., Harper, D.A., Ryan, P.D. (2001). PAST: Paleontological Statistics Software Package for Education and Data Analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica, 4(1), 1-9. https://palaeo-electronica.org/2001_1/past/past.pdf
IBM SPSS Advanced Statistics (2013). https://pdf4pro.com/view/ibm-spss-advanced-statistics-22-university-of-sussex-4718e9.html
Kan, O.M., Kegenova, G.B., Dzhalaeva, L.A. (2012). Harakteristika proizvoditelej karpa (Cyprinus carpio) Kapshagajskogo nerestvo-vyrostnogo hozyajstva [Characterization of carp (Cyprinus carpio) producers of Kapshagai spawning farm]. Vestnik KazNU: Ser. ekologiya, 1 (33), 76-77. (in Russian)
Kassymbekov, E.B., & Pazylbekov M.Zh. (2020). Sovremennoe sostojanie vodnyh bioresursov Balhash-Ilijskogo bassejna [Current state of aquatic biological resources of the Balkhash-Ili basin]. Vodnye bioresursy i sreda obitanija, 3(1), 89-105. DOI: 10.47921/2619-1024_2020_3_1_89 (in Russian)
Kenzhebekov, B.K., Dan’ko, E.K., Sansyzbaev, E.T. (2018). K sovremennomu sostoyaniyu ozer Alakol’skoj sistemy [Toward the current state of the lakes of the Alakol system. Hydrometeorology and Ecology]. Gidrometeorologiya i ekologiya, 3, 145-151. (in Russian)
Kririchenko, O.I. (2019). Morfologicheskaja izmenchivost’ sazana Cyprinus carpio [Linnaeus, 1758] v vodoemah Juzhnogo Kazahstana [Morphological variability of carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) in water bodies of southern Kazakhstan]. Rybovodstvo i rybnoe hozjajstvo, 9(164), 16-23. (in Russian)
Mamilov, N.Sh., Mutalipov, R.A., Sutueva, L.R., & Konysbaev T.G. (2018). Morfologicheskoe raznoobrazie sazana Cyprinus carpio v Zapadnoj chasti ozera Balkash i Kapshagajskom vodohranilishhe [Morphological diversity of carp Cyprinus carpio in the western part of the Balkhash Lake and Kapshagay water reservoir]. Bulletin of the KazNU Eurasian journal of Ecology, 2(55), 100-110. https://bulletin-ecology.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-eco/article/view/821 (in Russian)
Mamilov, N.Sh., Sharakhmetov, S.E., Amirbekova, F.T., Lopatin, O.E., Magda I.N., Kegenova, G.B., Sapargalieva, N.S., Urgenishbaeva, Zh.I., & Tursynali M.T. (2023). Rybnoe naselenie malyh rek Balhashskogo bassejna [Fish diversity in small rivers of the Balkhash basin (Central Asia, Republic of Kazakhstan)]. Transactions of Papanin institute for biology of inland waters RAS, 101(104), 58-69. https://doi.org/10.47021/0320-3557-2023-57-68 (in Russian)
Mitrofanov, V.P., Dukravets G.M., & Sidorova A.F. (1992). Ryby Kazahstana. T.5: Akklimatizacija, promysel [Fishes of Kazakhstan. T.5: Acclimatization, fishing]. Alma-Ata, Gylym. (in Russian)
Mitrofanov, V.P., Dukravets, G.M., & Melnikov V.A. (1988). Sazan [Common carp]. Fishes of Kazakhstan. V.3. Alma-Ata, Nauka, 231-279 (in Russian)
Pravdin, I F. (1966). Rukovodstvo po izucheniju ryb [Fish Study Guide]. Moskva: Pishhevaja promyshlennost’. (in Russian)
Sarmoldayeva, G.R., Shalgimbayeva, S.M., Omarova, Zh.S., Jumakhanova, G.B., Kairat, B.K., & Dautbayeva K.A. (2017). Gistomorfologicheskoe issledovanie reproduktivnoj sistemy samok sazana (Cyprinus carpio L.) ozera Balhash [The histomorphologic research on reproductive system of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) females in lake Balkhash]. Bulletin of the KazNU Experimental Biology, 2 (71), 33-39. https://bb.kaznu.kz/index.php/biology/article/view/1263/1201 (in Russian)
Shivareva, S.P., Li, V.I., Ivkina, N.I. (2012.). Vodnye resursy Kazahstana: ocenka, prognoz, upravlenie: v 21-m tome. Tom IX Vnutrennie i okrainnye vodoemy Kazahstana (Aral, Balkash, Kaspij), Kniga 1: Ocenka sovremennoj i prognoznoj dinamiki gidrologicheskogo rezhima ozera Balhash, Kaspijskogo i Aral’skogo morej [Water Resources of Kazakhstan: Assessment, Forecasting, Management: in Volume 21. Volume IX Inland and Marginal Water Bodies of Kazakhstan (Aral, Balkash, Caspian), Book 1: Assessment of Current and Forecast Dynamics of the Hydrological Regime of Lake Balkhash, Caspian and Aral Seas]. Almaty. (in Russian)
Starodubcev, V.M. (1986). Vliyanie vodohranilishch na pochvy [Influence of water reservoirs on soils]. Alma-ata: Nauka. (in Russian)
Starodubcev, V.M., Nekrasova, T.F. Popov, YU.M. (1983). Izmeneniya meliorativnyh uslovij golovnoj chasti del’ty r. Ili pri zaregulirovanii rechnogo stoka [Changes in ameliorative conditions of the head part of the Ili River delta under river flow regulation]. Vod. Resursy, 5, 75-84. (in Russian)
Wainwright, PC, Reilly, SM. (1994). Ecological morphology: integral organismal biology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
Wanink, J.H., Witte, F. (2000). The impact of Evolution and Socio-economics of commercially exploited fish Stock: A Review on Rastrineobola argentea in lake Victoria. Netherlands Journal of Zoology, 50(3), 365-372
Balkash-Alakol basin, Cyprinus carpio, morphological variability, populations