Ecological monitoring of the water bodies of the Ural-Caspian basin

G. Tulemisova ^1*, A. Amangosova¹, R. Abdinov¹, G. Kabdrakhimova¹,В. Dzhanzakova¹

¹Кh.Dosmukhamedov Atyrau State University, 060011, Kazakhstan, Atyrau, Student Avenue 212.

* Corresponding author: tulemisova62@mail.ru

A. Amangosova: bakitgul@list.ru; R. Abdinov: abdinov.r@gmail.com; G. Kabdrakhimova: kabdrahimova_gd@enu.kz; В. Dzhanzakova: sholpan.dzhanzakova@mail.ru

February 20, 2021

https://doi.org/10.29258/CAJWR/2021-R1.v7-1/37-49.rus

Research paper

Abstract

The article presents the results of investigating heavy metal concentrations in water bodies of the Ural-Caspian Basin.  Heavy metal content in water, bottom sediment (silt) and biota condition constitute the most objective and reliable indicators of water pollution and overall anthropogenic load on a water body.  At present, the scale of the technogenic pathway of heavy metals entering surface water bodies (with wastewater from industrial enterprises and cities, as well as surface agricultural runoff, etc.) considerably exceeds the natural one, thus, posing a real threat of disturbing the balance of aquatic ecosystems, foremost of these possessing commercial fishing importance.  The Caspian Sea and the rivers flowing into it are among such water bodies.  The study focused on the toxicological state of water in the northeastern section of the Caspian Sea, as well as in the rivers flowing into it and their tributaries.  Among pollutants, heavy metals cause the highest concern not only because of their high toxicity for aquatic organisms, but also due to their ability to accumulate and transform inside biocenoses, as well as one of the drivers of decreasing biological resources.  The Ural River demonstrates high concentrations of copper, chromium and lead throughout the year exceeding the corresponding MACs 2-6 times. The Kigach River is contaminated with heavy metals to a lesser degree, yet the analysis of summer water samples pointed to increased copper and lead content.  In the Ural and Kigach Rivers, heavy metal contamination occurs due to sewage arriving from upstream areas.  The research allowed detecting the seasonal dynamics of heavy metal content in the northeastern section of the Caspian Sea, as well as showed that heavy metals enter water bodies not only during spring floods, but during all seasons of the year.

Download the article (rus)

How to cite:  Tulemisova, G., Amangosova, A., Abdinov, R., Kabdrahimova, G., & Dzhanzakova, B. (2021). Jekologicheskij Monitoring Vodoemov Uralo-Kaspijskogo Bassejna [Ecological monitoring of the water bodies of the Ural-Caspian basin]. Central Asian Journal of Water Research, 7(1), 37–49. https://doi.org/10.29258/cajwr/2021-r1.v7-1/37-49.rus [in Russian]

References

 Azarenka, A.V. (2001). Mnogoletnyaya izmenchivost’ gidrologicheskikh kharakteris-tik  v  glubinnykh sloyakh Kaspiyskogo morya. [Long-term variability of hydrological characteristics in the deep layers of the Caspian Sea].  Okeanologiya -Oceanology.  Moscow., 3(1), 49-59 [In Russian].

Amirgaliyev, N. A.  (2006). Ekologo-toksikologicheskoye sostoyaniye Uralo-Kaspiys-kogo basseyna i nekotoryye prioritetnyye napravleniyay ego issledovaniya [The Ecological and toxicological еvaluation of the Ural-Caspian basin and some of its research priorities].  Sovremennoye sostoyaniye i puti sovershenstvovaniya nauchnykh issledovaniy v Kaspiyskom basseyne: materialy mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii.  – Proceedings of the International Confe-rence “Current state and ways to improve research in the Caspian Sea.”Astrakhan,  рр. 21-25 [In Russian].

Burlibaev MZh. et al. (2007). Del’ta reki Ural I prilegayushcheye poberezh’ye Kaspiyskogo morya [The Delta of the Ural River and the coast of the Caspian Sea]. /Burlibaev MZh, KurochkinLYa, Kashcheeva VA, Erokhova SN, Ivashchenko AA.  Astana, 264 p. [In Russian].  

Chibilyov, A.A. & Padalko, Yu.A.  (2014). Sovremennaya antropogennaya nagruzka v  basseyne reki Sakmary i problemy ey oogranicheniya [Modern anthropogenic load in the Sakmara river basin and problems of its limitation]. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiyskoy akademii nauk –Bulletin of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences., 16(5), 304-307 [In Russian].

Ergaliev, T. Z. (1990). Soderzhaniye tyazhelykh metallov v ekosisteme nizhnego tec-heniya reki Ural I osnovnykh promyslovykh vidakh ryb [The contents of heavy metals in the ecosystem of the lower tyacheniya Ural River and the main commercial fish species], [avto-referat dis. … kand. biolog. nauk]- Abstract diss. candidate. biologist. sciences.  Almaty, 20р. [In Russian]

Golinskii, L.V.(2009). Otsenka soderzhaniya ryada metallov v donnykh otlozheniyakh vodoyemov Vostochnogo Orenburzh’ya [Evaluation of the content of certain metals in the sediments of ponds of East Orenburg region]. Vestnik  OGU –Herald OSU. Orenburg, № 6 (100). Р.558-559.. https://doi.org/10.25198/1814-6457. [In Russian].

Geraskin, P. P. (2006). Vliyaniye zagryazneniya Kaspiyskogo moray na fiziologi-cheskoye sostoyaniye osetrovykh ryb [The Influence of Pollution in the Caspian Sea of the Physiological Condition of Sturgeon]. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiyskoy akademii nauk. Vodnyye ekosistemy – Journal of the Samara Scientific Centre, RAN,  8(1), 273-282. http://www.ssc.smr.ru/media/journals/izvestia/2006/2006_1_273_282.pdf [In Russian].

Kosarev, A. N., & Kostianoy, A. G. (2005). Introduction. In The Caspian Sea Envi-ronment (pp. 1–3). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_5_00

Ogar N.P. et al. (2014). Monitoring  okruzhayushchey prirodnoy sredy Severo-Vostoch-noy chaste Kaspiyskogo moray pri osvoyenii neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy  [Environmental monitoring of the North- East part of the Caspian Sea during the exploration of oil fields]. [sb. nauch. statey], [gl. red. Ogar’ N. P.]. –Sat. scientific. articles Almaty, 268p. https://www.ncoc.kz / Documents/ Environmental_Monitoring_of_the_North-East_Caspian_Sea_rus.pdf.  ISBN 5-02-033731-5; [In Russian].

ST RK GOST R 51309-2003. (2013). Gosudarstvennyy standart  RK. Voda pit’yevaya. Opredeleniye soderzhaniye elementov metodami atomnoy spektrometrii [RK State standard. Drinking water. Determination of content elements by atomic  speсtrometry]. Astana,  21р. [In Russian].

Shimshikov, B.E. & Izbasarova, A.K. (2014). Gidrokhimicheskaya i toksikologiches-kaya kharakteristiki sostoyaniya reki Ural v predelakh Zapadno-Kazakhstanskoy oblasti [Hyd-rochemical and toxicological characteristics of the state of the Ural River within the West Kazakhstan region]. Vestnik KazNU. Seriya ekologicheskaya –Herald KazNU. A series of the Ecologу. Аlmaty., 2(41),163-167. https://bulletin-ecology.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-eco/article/ view/213[In Russian].

Shulkin V. M.  (2007) Tyazhelyye metally  v rechnykh I pribrezhno-morskikh eko-sistemakh [Heavy metals in river and coastal marine ecosystems], [avtoref. dis. … d-ra geol. nauk]. – Author. Dis. … Dr. geol. sciences.  Vladivostok,  Р. 3. [In Russian].

 Tulemisova, G.B., Amangosova, A.G.& Abdinov, R.Sh. (2015a). Issledovaniye soder-zhaniya tyazhelykh metallov  v vodoyemakh Uralo-Kaspiyskogo basseyna [Research of the content of heavy metals in the bodies of water of the Ural-Caspian basin]. Mezhdunarodnyy zhurnal eksperimental’nogo obrazovaniya –International Journal of Experimental Education. Moscow., 12(3), 405-408, http://www.expeduca-tion.ru / ru/article/view?id=9137 [In Russian].

Tulemisova, G.B., Amangosova, A.G. & Abdinov, R.Sh.  (2015b). Issledovaniye so-derzhaniya tyazhelykh metallov  v  vode vodoyemov Uralo-Kaspiyskogo basseyna. Severo-Vostochnyy Kaspiy. [Research of the content of heavy metals in water in the reservoirs of the Ural-Caspian basin. North – Eastern Caspian]. Mezhdunarodnyy zhurnal prikladnykh i funda-mental’nykh issledovaniy –International Journal of Applied and Fundamental Research. Mos-cow., 12(10), 1900-1903. http://applied-research.ru/pdf/2015/12-10/8406.pdf. [In Russian].

  Tulemisova, G.B., Amangosova, A.G. , Abdinov, R.Sh. & Naukenov, M.Zh. (2016). Soderzhaniye toksikantov v donnykh otlozheniyakh vodoyemov Uralo-Kaspiyskogo bassey-na [Content of toxicants in the sediments of water bodies of the Ural-Caspian basin]. Mezhdu-narodnyy zhurnal eksperimental’nogo obrazovaniya –International Journal of Experimental Education, Moscow.,  7,125-128. http://expeducation.ru/pdf/2016/7/10301.pdf [In Russian].